Abstract
One of the problems that most affect humanity today is the wastewater discharge into different water bodies. It was estimated that more than 7 million tons of wastewater are generated worldwide and are discharged into rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Among the most dangerous wastewaters are those from inorganic chemistry research laboratories, mainly due to heavy metals. These problems have become a highly relevant topic, and numerous researchers have tried to design wastewater treatment systems that will deal more efficiently with heavy metals elimination. In this work, the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of hydrated aluminium silicate were performed as alternative wastewater treatment from chemistry research and teaching laboratories. The compound obtained was Al_2O_33SiO_2H_2O, which was characterized by the determination of its physicochemical properties. These revealed a low density, very porous material, with low crystallinity, strong chemical resistance, a large surface area, and a high apparent ionic exchange capacity. Absorption kinetics studies of heavy metals in aqueous solutions, through more widespread models, have demonstrated that Al_2O_33SiO_2H_2O has excellent properties as absorbents of this material. The amorphous hydrated aluminium silicate achieves a decrease in the concentration of all the metal ions studied, reducing them to discharge levels permissible.
Highlights
One of the problems that most affect humanity today is the wastewater discharge into different water bodies
Among the more common and harmful pollutants are heavy metals, which produce a vast amount of emissions worldwide[5,6]
The experiments performed in the laboratory revealed that amorphous hydrated aluminium silicate ( Al22O33SiO2H2O ) has a mass of 300.13 g/mol, of which 32.82% corresponds to Al2O3, 58.16% to SiO2, 5.10% to H2O, 2.39% to NaCl and 1.52% to Fe2O3
Summary
One of the problems that most affect humanity today is the wastewater discharge into different water bodies. We present the main results obtained from the synthesis of amorphous hydrated aluminium silicate as a sorbent of heavy metals and its possible use in the treatment of laboratory residues with a high content of these species.
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