Abstract
A simple, precise and accurate kinetic spectro-photometric method for determination of ce-fradine anhydrous, cefaclor monohydrate, ce-fadroxil monohydrate, cefalexin anhydrous and cefixime in bulk and in pharmaceutical formula-tions has been developed. The method based on a kinetic investigation of the reaction of the free carboxylic acid group of the drug with a mixture of potassium iodate and potassium iodide at room temperature to form yellow coloured triiodide ions. The reaction was followed up spectrophotometrically by measuring the increase in absorbance at 352 nm as a function of time. The initial rate, fixed time, variable time and rate-constant methods were adopted for constructing the calibration curves but fixed time method has been found to be more applicable. The analytical performance of the method, in terms of accuracy and precision, was statistically validated; the results were satisfactory. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of the studied drugs in commercial pharmaceutical formulations. Statistical comparison of the results with a well established reported method showed excellent ag- reement and proved that there is no significant difference in the accuracy and precision.
Highlights
IntroductionBecause cephalosporins are among the safest and the most effective broad-spectrum bactericidal antimicrobial agents available to the clinician, they have become the most widely prescribed of all antibiotics
Because cephalosporins are among the safest and the most effective broad-spectrum bactericidal antimicrobial agents available to the clinician, they have become the most widely prescribed of all antibiotics. All of these semi-synthetic antibiotics are derived from 7-amino-cephalosporanic acid and contain a β-lactam ring fused to a dihydrothiazine ring (Table 1) but differ in the nature of the substituents attached at the 3 and/or 7-positions of the cephem ring
Initial Rate Method Under the optimum experimental conditions, the assay of cefradine anhydrous, cefadroxil monohydrate, cefaclor monohydrate, cefalexin anhydrous and cefixime was performed at different concentration levels for 17 min at intervals of 2 min starting from 1 min at room temperature (25 ± 5°C)
Summary
Because cephalosporins are among the safest and the most effective broad-spectrum bactericidal antimicrobial agents available to the clinician, they have become the most widely prescribed of all antibiotics All of these semi-synthetic antibiotics are derived from 7-amino-cephalosporanic acid and contain a β-lactam ring fused to a dihydrothiazine ring (Table 1) but differ in the nature of the substituents attached at the 3 and/or 7-positions of the cephem ring. Most of the reported methods involve the cleavage of the β-lactam moiety of the cephalosporin structure These methods include spectrophotometric [2,3,4,5,6] spectrofluorimetric [7,8,9,10]. A direct chemical analysis based on the reactivity of the intact molecule is not frequently encountered
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