Abstract
To reach sustainable aviation, one approach is to use electro-fuels (e-fuels) within the gas turbine engines. E-fuels are CO2-neutral synthetic fuels which are produced employing electrical energy generated from renewable resources, where the carbon is taken out of the atmosphere or from biomass. Our approach is, to find e-fuels, which can be utilized in the lean premixed prevaporized (LPP) combustion, where most of the non-CO2 emissions are prevented. One of the suitable e-fuel classes is alcohols with a low number of carbons. In this work, the autoignition properties of propanol isomers and butanol isomers as e-fuels were investigated in a high-pressure shock tube (HPST) at temperatures from 1200 to 1500 K, the pressure of 10 bar, and lean fuel-air conditions. Additional investigations on the low-temperature oxidation and flame speed of C3 and C4 alcohols from the literature were employed to develop a comprehensive mechanism for the prediction of ignition delay time (IDT) and laminar burning velocity (LBV) of the above-mentioned fuels. A numerical model based on newly developed chemical kinetics was applied to further study the IDT and LBV of fuels in comparison to the Jet-A surrogate at the engine-related conditions along with the emissions prediction of the model at lean fuel-air conditions.
Highlights
As the air traffic has increased over the last decades it has led to the rise of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions
ignition delay time (IDT) measured in high-pressure shock tube (HPST) and rapid compression machine (RCM) can be found in our previous work [44], so only a brief propanol > tert-butanol
For the IDT longer than 2 ms, the dp/dt effect of the shock tube must be taken into account, to do so, the measured pressure profile between time zero to ignition onset was converted into a volume profile for the simulation
Summary
As the air traffic has increased over the last decades it has led to the rise of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions. Veloo et al [34,35] carried out comprehensive LBV measurements for all six isomers of propanol and butanol in the same experimental setup Within these studies, the counterflow burner method is used at 343 K mixture temperature and atmospheric pressure for the range of equivalence ratio from 0.75 and 0.7, respectively, to 1.5. Numerical simulation on combustion properties such as IDT and LBV of butanol and propanol isomers in comparison to fuels such as Jet-A was performed at the gas turbine conditions to investigate the LPP combustion and determine the amount of soot precursors and NOx emission resulting from propanol and butanol oxidation
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