Abstract
Glycerol can be synthesized to make 1,3-dinitroglycerin as an intermediate product to produce polyglycidyl nitrate. This study performed kinetic modeling of nitration used elementary reactions that consisting of seven reversible reactions. The aim of this present work is to find out the representing reaction of seven reactions tested. The concept work is to study the reaction rates and its relation to the position of the nitrated hydroxyl group in the molecule. Nitration of glycerol to 1,3-dinitroglycerin was studied in the temperature range 10-30 °C, the molar ratio of nitric acid to glycerol 1/1 to 7/1 and nitric acid concentration of 69%. The seven reaction terms represent the reactions that occurred in the nitration of glycerol. The position of hydroxyl group in molecule causes difference reaction rate. The primary hydroxyl group is more reactive than secondary hydroxyl group. The parameter values describe that the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th reaction rates are very fast. On the contrary, the 2nd, 4th and 6th reaction rates are slow.
Highlights
Polyglycidyl nitrate (PGN) is an energetic polymer that is used as a binder in propellant (Willer & McGrath, 1997), plasticizer (Willer et al, 1995) and explosives (Braithwaite et al, 1996)
This paper describes the relationship between the position of hydroxyl group and reaction rate
The aim of this comparison was to choose equilibrium constants that were used in simulation
Summary
Polyglycidyl nitrate (PGN) is an energetic polymer that is used as a binder in propellant (Willer & McGrath, 1997), plasticizer (Willer et al, 1995) and explosives (Braithwaite et al, 1996). PGN is the most energetic polymer (Provatas, 2000). Three steps in production of PGN from glycerol are nitration, cyclization and polymerization. The production of PGN is an alternative process to increase economic value of biodiesel industry. Basic knowledge of engineering is able to analyze and exploit fundamental reactions in production of PGN. The aim of this present work is to find out the representing reactions of nitration of glycerol. The reaction rate constants at average temperature and the activation energies will be fitted
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