Abstract
Removal of Methylene Blue (MB) and Crystal Violet (CV) dyes from monocomponent and binary aqueous solutions by water hyacinth-E. Crassipes roots fixed on alginate (a low-cost adsorbent) has been investigated. The extent of adsorption was evaluated as a function of solution pH, initial dye concentration, and bead biomass loading. Kinetic sorption data were analysed by widely used models: pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. The results showed that pseudo-second-order model better described the biosorption experimental data than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model for both dyes, whilst the Elovich model fitted the biosorption experimental data at lower dye concentrations. The intraparticle diffusion model indicated that sorption of CV and MB was characterized by rapid surface adsorption coupled with slow film diffusion process at higher initial dye concentration and at all initial bead biomass loading. The range of mean free energy values confirmed physical adsorption as the mechanism for dye removal from solution.
Highlights
Increasing global production, possible toxic effects and persistence in the environment has resulted in dye pollution emerging as a significant environmental pollution issue over the past few decades [1]
The intraparticle diffusion model indicated that sorption of Crystal Violet (CV) and Methylene Blue (MB) was characterized by rapid surface adsorption coupled with slow film diffusion process at higher initial dye concentration and at all initial bead biomass loading
Maximum removal efficiencies of 93 and 97% were achieved with a biomass loading of 8% for CV and MB respectively
Summary
Increasing global production, possible toxic effects and persistence in the environment has resulted in dye pollution emerging as a significant environmental pollution issue over the past few decades [1]. Biosorption, which involves dye removal from aqueous solution by passive linkage in live and dead biomasses in a mechanism that is not controlled by metabolic steps, is proving to be a popular alternative owing to its several advantages. These include simplicity of design, great efficiency for dye removal at low concentration, potential for biosorbent regeneration, high velocity of sorption and desorption, limited generation of secondary residues and more environmentally friendly life cycle of the material (e.g. easy to eliminate compared to conventional resins) [8,9]. MB and CV are typical basic dyes that have been removed from aqueous solution using various adsorbents such as sawdust [13]; pineapple leaf powder [14]; Calotropis procera [15], coniferous pinus bark powder [16], palm kernel fiber [17], and silkworm exuviae [18]
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