Kinetic mechanism of the serine acetyltransferase from Haemophilus influenzae

Abstract

The kinetic mechanism of serine acetyltransferase from Haemophilus influenzae was studied in both reaction directions. The enzyme catalyzes the conversion of acetyl CoA and l-serine to O-acetyl- l-serine (OAS) and coenzyme A (CoASH). In the direction of l-serine acetylation, an equilibrium ordered mechanism is assigned at pH 6.5. The initial velocity pattern in the absence of added inhibitors is best described by a series of lines converging on the ordinate when l-serine is varied at different fixed levels of acetyl CoA. The initial velocity pattern at pH 7.5 is also intersecting, but the lines are nearly parallel. Product inhibition by OAS is noncompetitive against acetyl CoA, while it is uncompetitive against l-serine. Product inhibition by l-serine in the reverse reaction direction is noncompetitive with respect to both OAS and CoASH. Glycine and S-methyl- l-cysteine (SMC) were used as dead-end analogs of l-serine and OAS, respectively. Glycine is competitive versus l-serine and uncompetitive versus acetyl CoA, while SMC is competitive against OAS and uncompetitive against CoASH. Desulfo-CoA was used as a dead-end analog of both acetyl CoA and CoASH, and is competitive versus both substrates in the direction of l-serine acetylation; while it is competitive against CoASH and noncompetitive against OAS in the direction of CoASH acetylation. All of the above kinetic parameters are consistent with those predicted for an ordered mechanism at pH 6.5 with the exception of the uncompetitive inhibition by OAS vs. serine. The latter inhibition pattern suggests combination of OAS with the central E:acetyl CoA:serine complex. Cysteine is known to regulate its own biosynthesis at the level of SAT. As a dead-end inhibitor, l-cysteine is competitive against both substrates in both reaction directions. These results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of regulation.