Kinetic and mean field description of Gibrat’s law

Abstract

I introduce and analyze a linear kinetic model that describes the evolution of the probability density of the number of firms in a society, in which the microscopic rate of change obeys to the so-called law of proportional effect proposed by Gibrat (1930, 1931). Despite its apparent simplicity, the possible mean field limits of the kinetic model are varied. In some cases, the asymptotic limit can be described by a first-order partial differential equation. In other cases, the mean field equation is a linear diffusion with a non constant diffusion coefficient that can be studied analytically, by virtue of a transformation of variables recently utilized in Iagar and Sánchez (2013) to study the heat equation in a nonhomogeneous medium with critical density. In this case, it is shown that the large-time behavior of the solution is represented, for a large class of initial data, by a lognormal distribution with constant mean value and variance increasing exponentially in time at a precise rate.