Abstract
Structural studies were carried out along the northern part of the Simplon line in order to constrain the kinematic history of the line during Tertiary times. The ductile strain accumulated within both basement units and Mesozoic cover reveals the upper units sheared towards the west-southwest. The Simplon line can be described as a major shear zone along which the main movement occurred perpendicular to the line. This shearing developed during retrograde metamorphic conditions and postdates earlier deformations associated with the high temperature Lepontine episode. Finally, it was followed by the formation of the Berisal syncline (back-folding episode) which generated some brittle movements towards the south, localized at the contact between the lower and upper Pennine units (i.e. on the Simplon line).
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