Kinematics of the Galaxy from a Sample of Young Open Star Clusters with Data from the Gaia DR2 Catalogue

Abstract

We have selected a sample of 326 young $(\log t<8)$ open star clusters with the proper motions and distances calculated by various authors from Gaia DR2 data. The mean values of their line-of-sight velocities have also been taken from various publications. As a result of our kinematic analysis, we have found the following parameters of the angular velocity of Galactic rotation: $\Omega_0=29.34\pm0.31$ km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-1}$, $\Omega'_0=-4.012\pm0.074$ km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-2}$, and $\Omega''_0=0.779\pm0.062$ km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-3}$. The circular rotation velocity of the solar neighborhood around the Galactic center is $V_0=235\pm5$ km s$^{-1}$ for the adopted Galactocentric distance of the Sun $R_0=8.0\pm0.15$ kpc. The amplitudes of the tangential and radial velocity perturbations produced by the spiral density wave are $f_\theta=3.8\pm1.2$ km s$^{-1}$ and $f_R=4.7\pm1.0$ km s$^{-1}$, respectively; the perturbation wavelengths are $\lambda_\theta=2.3\pm0.5$ kpc and $\lambda_R=2.2\pm0.5$ kpc for the adopted four-armed spiral pattern. The Sun's phase in the spiral density wave is close to $-120\pm10^\circ.$