Kinematics Biomechanical Analysis and Three Dimensional Reconstruction Diagnostic Technique of Carpal Joint in One-Humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Abstract

The database of biomechanical variables gained from healthy camels was needed to investigate the main characters of normal gait in one-humped camel and changes of velocity and displacement as well as the anatomical changes of the carpal joint during walking. Nine healthy camels of three different sizes were selected for gait analysis by using Motion track program and four carpal joints cadavers obtained from four healthy dromedary camels of both sex were used for three dimension reconstruction computed tomography (CT). Gait analysis of camel’s carpus during walking yielded some data as step length, stride length, stride time, stride frequency, angular change and displacement of the carpal joint. Our results revealed that different sizes of camels had a significant effect on gait parameter as step length, stride length, and stride frequency. Meanwhile, small camels increased their velocity during walking by significant decreased the stride time. Large sized camels showed a significant higher degree of extension of the carpal joint than small camel, especially right carpal joint. Additionally, hyperextension of camel’s carpus occasionally occurred. On the other hand, horizontal and vertical displacement of the carpal joint during walking was a significant difference of medium sized camel than small and large camel. The present findings will be a helpful method in lameness diagnosis to recognize between the normal and diseased gait and surviving the inhabitant environment.