Abstract
The approximate kinematic overland flow equation derived by Rose et al. and generalized by Moore includes a water surface profile shape factor C. Rose et al. assumed a constant C = 0.625. The variation of C as a function of normalized discharge q∗ is examined during various phases of the overland flow hydrograph rise and recession under constant and time-varying rainfall excess. The possible range of C values is bounded by rising and falling limb boundary curves. These vary linearly from C = 1, q∗ = 0 to C = 0.625, q∗ = 1 (steady state or equilibrium) during the hydrograph rise and linearly from C = 0.625, q∗ = 1 to C = 0.4, q∗ = 0 during the recession. At any time during an event the value of C depends on both the value of q∗ and its previous pattern of variation or history. Analytical equations are presented that allow C to be estimated during a runoff event, thus permitting improved predictions of overland flow on plane surfaces using the approximate theory without any increase in computational complexity.
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