Abstract
By looking at the Pashto language structure, Pashto poem has a sylabotonic system and this prosody is also accepted for the Pashto poem. Pashto poems have its special features starting form syllables to measures, alongside the number of the Pashto syllable, the quality (syllable stress) of the syllable is also being considered in the Pashto syllable, and by looking at both the number of syllable and stress, and the Measure of the Pashto language is being determined. According to the number of syllable, Pashto words have extensive syllables compared to other languages, and most of the words have up to six syllables. The stress of the Pashto language is also spacious and could come at every part of the sentence (beginning, middle, and end) and can change its position while bringing in words. Despite the words stress, the sentence in Pashto language also have stress, by changing pressure in the sentences, it can also affect/change the meaning of the sentences. Base on the syllable numbers, two kind of foots (3 syllables and 4 syllables) can be created in Pashto language, and does not have foots that to be more than 4 syllables or less than 3 syllables. At a result of combining the 3 syllables and 4 syllables foots, and increasing and decreasing the number of syllables, Pashto poems have been made in (196) different measures so far.
Highlights
Prosody is called the language of poetry, and every language in the world has its own rules and principles for the language system
If the poem had long foot, we look at the position of the hard/heavy syllable, and where the syllable is hard, after that we look how many foots does a poem have? And if the poem has short foot again we look at the position of the stressful syllable, to know where the stress has occurred? therefor the following measure are obtained: 1. When the first syllable is hard
Syllables in Pashto language is more valuable than any other language for the rhythm and rhyme of the Pashto poem, besides the number of the syllables the stress syllable and the arrangement of these roots is important and valuable
Summary
Prosody is called the language of poetry, and every language in the world has its own rules and principles for the language system. Pashto language as one of the biggest languages in the world has its own rules and principles which is called prosody. I have tried to summarize all the rules of the Pashto language poetry in short but comprehensively. After knowing about the rules of the Prosody, I have collected the rules of Pashto Prosody in five different categories. I tried a lot to write the rules for the Pashto language prose only that are relevant to Pashto Language. I have avoided myself from bringing additional examples in order to not prolong the article
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