Kidney Tumors in Adult: Epidemiological, Clinical, Histopathological, Therapeutic and Progressive Aspects

Abstract

<i>Objective</i>: To study the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic profile of kidney tumors in adults over the past five years. <i>Patients and methods</i>: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical Study from the 1^st of January 2014 to 31^st of December 2018. All patients aged 18 years or older hospitalized, followed or operated in the service for a kidney tumor were included in the serie. The parameters studied were: epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects, TNM stage (2017), treatment, histological type, evolution and survival. The calculation of survival rate was done with SPSS IBM statistics 24. <i>Results</i>: sixty-seven patients were included. The average annual incidence was 13. The average age of the patients was 49.6±15.6 years. The sex-ratio was 1.2. Hypertension, smoking and obesity were the main risk factors found. The average size of the tumor was 7.7±4.40 cm. The left kidney location was more frequent. Thirteen patients (20%) had a localized tumor in the kidney, twenty patients (31%) had locally advanced cancer and thirty two patients (49%) had metastasized cancer. Forty-seven patients (70%) had surgical treatment, including five patients with an anti-angiogenic adjuvant therapy. Twelve (17.9%) patients had an anti-angiogenic therapy only. Clear cell carcinoma was the most common histology type. The overall survival (OS) rate for cancer patients at 2 years was 22% for surgical treatment, 8% for medical treatment. <i>Conclusion</i>: this work reveals that adult kidney cancer affects young adult and is discovered at advanced stages without any significant change in the epidemiological and clinical profile of these cancers during the two decades.