Abstract
BackgroundWe examined the association between kidney stones and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer.MethodsIn total, 120,852 participants aged 55–69 completed a self-administered questionnaire on diet, medical conditions and other risk factors for cancer at baseline (1986). After 20.3 years of cancer follow-up 4352 subcohort members, 544 RCC cases and 140 UTUC cases were eligible for case-cohort analysis. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by multivariable-adjusted proportional hazards models.ResultsKidney stones were associated with an increased RCC risk (HR: 1.39, 95% CI 1.05–1.84), vs. no kidney stones. Kidney stones were associated with an increased risk of papillary RCC (HR: 3.08, 95% CI 1.55–6.11), but not clear-cell RCC (HR: 1.14, 95% CI 0.79–1.65). UTUC risk was increased for participants with kidney stones (HR: 1.66, 95% CI 1.03–2.68). No heterogeneity of associations was found for UTUC in the ureter and renal pelvis. An early kidney stone diagnosis (≤40 years) was associated with an increased RCC and UTUC risk, compared to later diagnosis.ConclusionKidney stones were associated with increased papillary RCC risk, but not clear-cell RCC risk. No heterogeneity was found for UTUC subtypes.
Highlights
Kidney stones, a common urological condition, affect 5–10% of the population in Europe and North America.[1]
We investigate the relationship between selfreported history of kidney stones and the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS) on diet and cancer
In this study, an increased RCC and UTUC risk was found for participants with a history of kidney stones
Summary
A common urological condition, affect 5–10% of the population in Europe and North America.[1]. Several studies have assessed the relationship between kidney stones and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).[4,5,6] Recently, a meta-analysis, based on eight case-control studies and one retrospective cohort study, found an increased risk of RCC and both ureter and renal pelvis cancer in individuals with kidney stones.[7] kidney stones were associated with an increased risk of RCC in males, but not in females. Three retrospective cohort studies not included in the aforementioned meta-analysis found an increased risk of renal, ureter, or renal pelvis cancer in patients with urinary tract stones.[8,9,10]. We examined the association between kidney stones and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer.
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