Abstract
Chronic kidney disease has become a global public health problem with serious social and economic effects from premature morbidity and deaths. Kidney stone formers are at increased risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD)—both early and advanced stages—with the stone acting either as the initiating or a contributing factor. Recent data indicates that prevalence and incidence of kidney stone are increasing worldwide. Individuals with kidney stones should be screened for the presence of underlying CKD. This chapter reviews the burden of CKD, the risk of kidney stone formation, and the association of CKD with kidney stones and underscores the need for screening and preventive strategies for CKD in individuals with kidney stones.
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