Abstract
With obesity, the consumption of phenolic-enriched food additives as a part of traditional nutrition avoids the negative implications of eating high-calorie products. This study investigated the new herbal food additive, Phlojodicarpus sibiricus roots and herb, ubiquitously used in Siberia as a spice. Chromatographic techniques such as HPLC-DAD-ESI-QQQ-MS/MS and microcolumn HPLC-UV were the basic instruments for component profiling and quantification, and antiobesity potential was investigated using a differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes assay. We found that the roots and herb of P. sibiricus were high-coumarin-containing additives inhibiting triacylglycerol accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Forty-one phenolics were detected in P. sibiricus extracts, and 35 were coumarins, including 27 khellactone derivatives present as esters and glucosides. Total coumarin content varied from 36.16 mg/g of herb to 98.24 mg/g of roots, and from 0.32 mg/mL to 52.91 mg/mL in P. sibiricus preparations. Moreover, Siberian populations of P. sibiricus were characterised by a different HPLC-based coumarin profile. The most pronounced inhibiting effect on triacylglycerol accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was shown for dihydrosamidin (khellactone 3′-O-isovaleroyl-4′-O-acetyl ester), which was more active than other khellactone esters and glucosides. The results demonstrated that if used as a food additive Phlojodicarpus sibiricus could be a source of bioactive coumarins of the khellactone group with high antiobesity potential.
Highlights
The pathological condition of obesity is generally characterised as an energy imbalance due to increased consumption of high-calorie foods, especially high-lipid-containing products
Roots of P. sibiricus are the concentrators of essential oil (7.52 mg/g), coumarins (108.94 mg/g), caffeoylquinic acids (18.62 mg/g), water-soluble polysaccharides (3.74 mg/g) and pectic substances
It is obvious that for manifestation of the greatest antiobesity activity of dihydropyrano- coumarins with the khellactone skeleton, they must contain two substituents at C-30 and C-40, one of which is an acetyl group, and the second a five-carbon acyloxy group
Summary
The pathological condition of obesity is generally characterised as an energy imbalance due to increased consumption of high-calorie foods, especially high-lipid-containing products. Additional factors, but not less important, are economic and social issues as well as hypodynamia and a high level of overall food consumption [1]. To reduce the risk factors associated with obesity, various methods of prevention and treatment are used, including the frequent use of pharmacotherapy that improves. Molecules 2019, 24, 2286 the patient’s condition. The disadvantages of traditional synthetic drugs used to treat obesity are low Molecules 2019, 24, x FOR PEER REVIEW effectiveness, a narrow therapeutic range, toxicity and significant side effects. Because of this, increased attention has been to plant-based medicines, which are devoid of synthetic most of these improves thepaid patient’s condition. The disadvantages of traditional drugsdisadvantages used to treat of obesity are[2]
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