Khat chewing leads to increase in glycaemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia and Yemen

Abstract

BackgroundKhat is known to have a stimulating effect on the sympathetic nervous system by producing a temporary sensation of activeness and happiness, along with mood disturbance and anxiety. Despite growing evidence of the association between khat chewing and glycaemic control in patients with diabetes, the position of khat chewing in DM is not fully recognised. AimTo evaluate the association of khat chewing with the risk of elevated blood glucose levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. MethodA web-based literature search was performed using the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar. Databases were searched for studies published about khat chewing and diabetes mellitus in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia and Yemen. ResultTwenty-five published articles studying the relation between khat chewing and diabetes mellitus were identified, but only 10 studies reported an association between khat chewing and blood glucose levels and were included. ConclusionKhat chewing increases fasting blood glucose, post-prandial blood glucose and HbA1c levels in patients with diabetes in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia and Yemen.