Abstract
BackgroundIn Australia and other developed countries, chronic illness prevalence is increasing, as are costs of healthcare, particularly hospital-based care. Integrating healthcare and supporting illness management in the community can be a means of preventing illness, improving outcomes and reducing unnecessary hospitalisation. Western Sydney has high rates of diabetes, heart and respiratory diseases and the NSW State Ministry of Health funded a range of key strategies through the Western Sydney Integrated Care Program (WSICP) to integrate care across hospital and community settings for patients with these illnesses. Complementing our previously reported analysis related to specific WSICP strategies, this research provided information concerning overall experiences and perspectives of WSICP implementation and integrated care generally.MethodsWe administered 125 in-depth interviews in two rounds over 12 months with 83 participants including patients and their carers, care facilitators, hospital specialists and nurses, allied health professionals, general practitioners and primary care nurses, and program managers. Half of the participants (n = 42) were interviewed twice. We conducted an inductive, thematic analysis on the interview transcripts.ResultsKey themes related to the set-up and operationalising of WSICP; challenges encountered; and the added value of the program. Implementing WSICP was a large and time consuming undertaking but challenges including those with staffing and information technology were being addressed. The WSICP was considered valuable in reducing hospital admissions due to improved patient self-management and a focus on prevention, greater communication and collaboration between healthcare providers across health sectors and an increased capacity to manage chronic illness in the primary care setting.ConclusionsPatients, carers and health providers experienced the WSICP as an innovative integrated care model and valued its patient-centred approach which was perceived to improve access to care, increase patient self-management and illness prevention, and reduce hospital admissions. Long-term sustainability of the WSICP will depend on retaining key staff, more effectively sharing information including across health sectors to support enhanced collaboration, and expanding the suite of activities into other illness areas and locations. Enhanced support for general practices to manage chronic illness in the community, in collaboration with hospital specialists is critical. Timely evaluation informs ongoing program implementation.
Highlights
In Australia and other developed countries, chronic illness prevalence is increasing, as are costs of healthcare, hospital-based care
Long-term sustainability of the Western Sydney Integrated Care Program (WSICP) will depend on retaining key staff, more effectively sharing information including across health sectors to support enhanced collaboration, and expanding the suite of activities into other illness areas and locations
We interviewed 29 healthcare providers from Western Sydney Local Health District (WSLHD) including medical specialists, registrars, nurses, allied healthcare providers and WSICP care facilitators, and most of these (n = 20) participated in both rounds
Summary
In Australia and other developed countries, chronic illness prevalence is increasing, as are costs of healthcare, hospital-based care. Integrating healthcare and supporting illness management in the community can be a means of preventing illness, improving outcomes and reducing unnecessary hospitalisation. Integrated healthcare is advocated internationally as a means of addressing the increasing prevalence of chronic illness and the need to deliver quality care within restricted budgets [1, 2]. In Australia, Australian government funded Primary Health Networks support primary health care and general practices, whilst State government funded Local Health Districts manage public health care in hospital settings, as well as some community health and preventive health services. Primary health care in Australia is funded through a fee-for-service model which is not as well-suited to managing chronic illness as a bundled or blended form of payment [15, 16]
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