Abstract
Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation has strong intermittency and volatility due to its high dependence on solar radiation and other meteorological factors. Therefore, the negative impact of grid-connected PV on power systems has become one of the constraints in the development of large scale PV systems. Accurate forecasting of solar power generation and flexible planning and operational measures are of great significance to ensure safe, stable, and economical operation of a system with high penetration of solar generation at transmission and distribution levels. In this paper, studies on the following aspects are reviewed: (1) this paper comprehensively expounds the research on forecasting techniques of PV power generation output. (2) In view of the new challenge brought by the integration of high proportion solar generation to the frequency stability of power grid, this paper analyzes the mechanisms of influence between them and introduces the current technical route of PV power generation participating in system frequency regulation. (3) This section reviews the feasible measures that facilitate the inter-regional and wide-area consumption of intermittent solar power generation. At the end of this paper, combined with the actual demand of the development of power grid and PV power generation, the problems that need further attention in the future are prospected.
Highlights
Energy plays a significant role in economic development and prosperity
Different classification standards make the PV power generation forecasting methods classified in the following ways: (1) physical modeling method, data-driven method, and hybrid method according to different modeling methods; (2) direct forecasting and indirect forecasting according to different forecasting targets [13]; (3) single field forecasting and regional forecasting according to spatial scales [14]; (4) ultra-short term forecasting (0–4 h), short term forecasting (0–72 h) and mid-long term forecasting (1 month–1 year) according to different forecasting time scales
In the actual scheduling operation of a power grid, there are two common methods for renewable energy to be included into reserve: (1) the probability distribution of the renewable generation is obtained by statistical analysis of the historical output of renewable energy, and the output of renewable energy is included into the reserve following a certain reliability requirement on its generation
Summary
Energy plays a significant role in economic development and prosperity. Driven by environmental degradation, resource shortage, and fuel price fluctuations, governments of all countries have placed great importance on the development and consumption of renewable energy. There are some previous reviews with a wide range, but most of them only focused on a specific aspect of the key operational issues on the integration of large-scale solar power generation, such as advanced forecasting methods [4], or impacts of grid integration of PV and electric vehicle (EV). This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art techniques to integration of large-scale solar power generation, and the following aspects are discussed emphatically: (1) this paper comprehensively expounds the research on forecasting techniques of PV power generation output.
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