Abstract
CAD, the key enzyme in pyrimidine biosynthesis The first step dedicated to pyrimidine biosynthesis in mammals is catalysed by carbamoylphosphate synthase I1 (CPS 11; EC6.3.5.5). This activity is regulated through feedback inhibition by UTP, the end-product of the pathway, and activated by phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRib-PP), a substrate of a later step in the pathway [ l ] . The CPS I1 activity is part of the 240 kDa multienzyme polypeptide CAD, named after the activities it contains in discretely folded domains: CPS 11, aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase; EC 2.1.3.2) and dihydro-orotase (EC 3.5.2.3).
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