Ketogenic Diet and microRNAs Linked to Antioxidant Biochemical Homeostasis.

Roberto Cannataro,Maria Cristina Caroleo,Luca Gallelli,Chiara La Torre,Pierluigi Plastina,Alessia Fazio,Graziantonio Lauria,Erika Cione

doi:10.3390/antiox8080269

Roberto Cannataro, Maria Cristina Caroleo + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8080269

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Abstract

Recently, we demonstrated the capability of the ketogenic diet (KD) to influence the microRNA (miR) expression profile. Here, we report that KD is able to normalize miR expression in obese subjects when compared with lean subjects. By applying two different bioinformatics tools, we found that, amongst the miRs returning to comparable levels in lean subjects, four of them are linked to antioxidant biochemical pathways specifically, and the others are linked to both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biochemical pathways. Of particular interest is the upregulation of hsa-miR-30a-5p, which correlates with the decrease of catalase expression protein in red blood cells.

Highlights

The progress of the obesity pandemic is still substantially underestimated but is alarming [1].Obese individuals have a lower quality of life and more risk of developing several clinical problems [2].Obesity is a chronic status with sub-clinical inflammation which is associated with the abnormal synthesis of cytokine/adipokines, leading to an increase of radical oxygen species (ROS) [3]
Obesity is not per se a disease; rather, it is a status that contributes to the imbalance of anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress biochemical pathways [4]
While ketoacidosis is not safe for human health, it is well known that the ketogenic diet (KD) is safe

Summary

Introduction

Obesity is a chronic status with sub-clinical inflammation which is associated with the abnormal synthesis of cytokine/adipokines, leading to an increase of radical oxygen species (ROS) [3]. Obesity is not per se a disease; rather, it is a status that contributes to the imbalance of anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress biochemical pathways [4]. Opportune antioxidant defenses counteract the action of ROS in different organs and are improved by diverse biomolecules [5,6,7], functional food and diet nutrients [8,9]. Its application initially was a therapeutic regimen for refractory epilepsy, today it is often used to lose weight [12]. KD was proved to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as well as to regulate obese subjects in stage 1 of the Edmonton

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