Abstract
Background: Caudal anaesthesia is used as pain control for many sub umbilical surgical procedures. Study Design: A prospective randomized double blind observational study. Study setting: Qena university hospital, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. Duration: From May 2019 to August 2020. Patients and method(s): The study was conducted on 60 healthy paediatric patients undergoing elective lower abdominal and pelvic surgeries were allocated to two groups according to mode of blocking agents and caudal region. Result(s): efficacy of ketamine bupivacaine versus nalbuphine bupivacaine to provide intraoperative and postoperative pain relief. The time to first analgesic administration was longer in the ketamine bupivacaine group about (8 hrs) than nalbuphine bupivacaine about (5.8 hrs)., Conclusion: Caudal nalbuphine and caudal ketamine are safe in pediatric surgeries in the lower half of the body and effectively reducing postoperative pain with longer duration of analgesia in ketamine group than nalbuphine group with no obvious side effects in both groups.
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