Abstract
Ketamine is used to treat psychiatric conditions at low doses to minimize risks associated with anesthetic sedation. Dissociative phenomena and minimally increased heart rate and blood pressure are among the most common but transient side effects during intravenous ketamine infusion. When used in common medical practice as an anesthetic, analgesic, and antidepressant, there is little evidence to support nonreversible adverse events. Several retrospective studies have demonstrated that daily, illicit use of ketamine at high doses over a period of years is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction and ketamine-induced cystitis. Although ketamine may have use in special populations, screening for active psychosis, illicit ketamine use, a history of cystitis, and severe or uncontrolled cardiovascular disease is critical when determining the appropriateness of ketamine treatment. [ Psychiatr Ann. 2018;48(4):170–174.]
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