Kenaf Fiber Based Bio-Composites: Processing, Characterization and Potential Applications

Abstract

Kenaf fiber have gained an extensive attention due to benefits such as high strength, low density, renewability, biodegradability, less health hazards and reduction in weight and cost. Among many natural fibers bio-based composites, kenaf based composite have been widely exploited over the last few years. Thus, the preparation, processing, characterization and potential applications of kenaf based composites were discussed in this article. The interfacial interaction between polymer and kenaf fiber are very poor and weak, therefore suitable chemical treatment are required to improve the adhesion and compatibility between fiber and polymers matrix as reported many previous study. The morphological properties of bio-based composites were investigated with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The mechanical properties in terms of tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus and impact strength were analyzed through standard ASTM method and described. Thermal properties of bio-based composites have also been studied. Several important areas such as automotive industry, aerospace industry and home appliance industry are widely used natural fiber based composites.