Abstract

We present a typology of tactics used by probation officers to steer probationers away from day-to-day crime opportunities based on 40 qualitative officer interviews. Concerns about probationers’ unstructured activities, time at crime-prone locations, and “at-risk” social interactions led officers to reduce probationers’ unstructured time, set limits to locations and persons with whom they associated, and coach them to side-step such opportunities. In support of these tactics, they collaborated with community handlers, worked to enhance probationers’ motivation and deter them from risky activities, leveraged probation conditions, and encouraged alternative activities.

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