Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) Leaves Ethanol Extract Effect to Lens and Erythrocyte Aldose Reductase Activity in Wistar strain white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Streptozotocin induced

Abstract

Aldose reductase (AR) is a key enzyme in the polyol pathway, catalyzes nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent reduction of glucose to sorbitol, leading to excessive accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various tissues of diabetes melitus (DM) including the heart, vasculature, neurons, eyes, and kidneys. Polyol pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DM in human patients. Indeed a number of AR inhibitors are currently being investigated to prevent diabetic complications. Streptozotocin (STZ) is using to induce diabetes mellitus of experimental animal. This research to prove the dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract could decrease lens and erythrocyte aldose reductase activity in Wistar strain male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with diabetes mellitus. This study design is using true experimental research with randomized posttest only controls group design. Thirty-five Wistar strain male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into five groups (each comprised seven rats). Four groups which injected by Streptozotocin (STZ) 60 mg/kgBW were K(+) (fed by Na-CMC 1% only), P1 (fed by 100 mg/kgBW dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract), P2 (fed by 150 mg/kgBW dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract), and P3 (fed by 200 mg/kgBW dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract). One group (K(-)) which not injected by Streptozotocin (STZ) was fed by Na-CMC 1% only. Group which fed by 150 mg/kgBW and 200 mg/kgBW dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract had decreased lens aldose reductase activity than group which was not fed by dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract but not significantly (p>0,05). Group which fed by 100 mg/kgBW, 150 mg/kgBW and 200 mg/kgBW dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract had decreased erythrocyte aldose reductase activity than group which was not fed by dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract significantly (p<0,05). This research suggest that dried Etlingera elatior leaves extract could decrease erythrocyte aldose reductase activity but could not decrease lens aldose reductase activity in Wistar strain male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with diabetes mellitus.