Abstract
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness that largely affects young children before 5 years of age. Younger children with KD are reported to have a higher prevalence of coronary artery abnormalities. Little is known about infants in the first 3 months of age diagnosed with KD.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the National Institute of Pediatrics in Mexico City from 1995 to 2019. Clinical features, laboratory results and cardiac outcomes were recorded. Infants in the first 3 months of age were compared with older patients. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney analysis was performed for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.Results: Six hundred and eighty-eight cases of KD were included in this study. Fourteen cases were diagnosed in the first three months of age. Heart failure and KD shock-syndrome was found in five cases (35.7%). Giant coronary artery aneurysms were found in six cases in the younger group (42.9%).Conclusions: Diagnosis of KD in children younger than 3 months of age is rare. In most cases, an incomplete presentation contributed to a delay diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Younger patients with KD have an increased risk of presenting cardiac complications, including giant coronary artery aneurysms, shock, and death.
Highlights
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness that largely affects young children with most cases diagnosed before 5 years of age
754 cases of KD were diagnosed at our institution; 66 cases were eliminated from the analysis because of incomplete data
We evaluated 688 cases of KD for this study
Summary
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness that largely affects young children with most cases diagnosed before 5 years of age. It is characterized by systemic vasculitis and it is complicated by coronary artery abnormalities (CAA). The highest incidence rate of KD in Japan is reported in children between 9 and 11 months of age [2]. Younger children with KD are reported to have a higher prevalence of delayed diagnosis and cardiac complications including CAA [3]. Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness that largely affects young children before 5 years of age. Younger children with KD are reported to have a higher prevalence of coronary artery abnormalities. Little is known about infants in the first 3 months of age diagnosed with KD
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