Abstract
The Kassiopeia particle tracking framework is an object-oriented software package using modern C++ techniques, written originally to meet the needs of the KATRIN collaboration. Kassiopeia features a new algorithmic paradigm for particle tracking simulations which targets experiments containing complex geometries and electromagnetic fields, with high priority put on calculation efficiency, customizability, extensibility, and ease-of-use for novice programmers. To solve Kassiopeia's target physics problem the software is capable of simulating particle trajectories governed by arbitrarily complex differential equations of motion, continuous physics processes that may in part be modeled as terms perturbing that equation of motion, stochastic processes that occur in flight such as bulk scattering and decay, and stochastic surface processes occurring at interfaces, including transmission and reflection effects. This entire set of computations takes place against the backdrop of a rich geometry package which serves a variety of roles, including initialization of electromagnetic field simulations and the support of state-dependent algorithm-swapping and behavioral changes as a particle’s state evolves. Thanks to the very general approach taken by Kassiopeia it can be used by other experiments facing similar challenges when calculating particle trajectories in electromagnetic fields. It is publicly available at https://github.com/KATRIN-Experiment/Kassiopeia.
Highlights
KASSIOPEIA is a software package for the purpose of tracking particles in complex geometries and electromagnetic fields
We have presented the KASSIOPEIA particle tracking framework developed within the KATRIN collaboration
It was design to enable the fast and accurate computation of three-dimensional and axial-symmetric static electromagnetic fields created by complex electrode and magnet geometries, using KEMFIELDs fast multipole and zonal harmonic methods, respectively
Summary
Nicholas Buzinsky1, Thomas Corona5,6, Sanshiro Enomoto7, Moritz Erhard2, Joseph A Formaggio1, Ferenc Glück3,8, Fabian Harms3, Florian Heizmann2, Daniel Hilk2, Wolfgang Käfer2, Marco Kleesiek2, Benjamin Leiber2, Susanne Mertens9, Noah S Oblath1, Pascal Renschler2, Johannes Schwarz3, Penny L Slocum10, Nancy Wandkowsky3, Kevin Wierman5,6 and Michael Zacher4
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