Abstract
Kashmir was a princely state, outside the orbit of the united India two major political parties; All India Muslim League and All India National Congress. The level of political mobilisation was considerably lower than in the India’s mainland. However this political isolation was eventually broken by a youth group, the Young Men’s Muslim Association, spearheaded by a school teacher and charismatic leader Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah, graduated from the celebrated institution, the Aligarh Muslim University, created All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference (MC) in October 1932. It major objective was to liberate Jammu and Kashmir from the tyranny of the Maharaja Hari Sing. Later on, the politics of united India extended to the state of Jammu and Kashmir. National Conference with its socialist leaning was inclined toward the Indian National Congress due to its ideological affinity and personal relationship (Sheikh Abdullah and Nehru were friends). Whereas
Highlights
Kashmir was a princely state, outside the orbit of the United India two major political parties; All India Muslim League and All India National Congress
This paper discusses the internal political dynamics and orientation of the various political parties in the Indian held Kashmir since 1940s to present a comprehensive picture of the princely state political landscape. It discusses how the Indian government policy of zero-tolerance toward regional patriotism and constitutional autonomy of the Kashmir; granted in the 1950 constitution, by issuing a constitutional order in 1954 that put the financial status of the Kashmir parallel to the other units of the Union, and repudiated all the legislative and judicial autonomy of the state, which created resentment that eventually turned into insurgency
The level of political mobilisation was considerably lower than in the proper India. This political isolation was eventually broken by a youth group, the Young Men’s Muslim Association, spearheaded by a school teacher and charismatic leader Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah, graduated from the celebrated institution, the Aligarh Muslim University, created All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference (MC) in October 1932
Summary
It discusses how the Indian government policy of zero-tolerance toward regional patriotism and constitutional autonomy of the Kashmir; granted in the 1950 constitution, by issuing a constitutional order in 1954 that put the financial status of the Kashmir parallel to the other units of the Union, and repudiated all the legislative and judicial autonomy of the state, which created resentment that eventually turned into insurgency. Kashmir was a princely state, outside the orbit of the United India two major political parties; All India Muslim League and All India National Congress.
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