Karyotype and Genome Size Variation in Five New Cultivars of Indian Brinjal (Solanum melongena var. esculentum L.)

Abstract

Detailed analysis of chromosome number and karyotype in new cultivars of brinjal (Solanum melongena var. esculentum) cv. Utkal Anushree, cv. Utkal Jyoti, cv. Utkal Madhuri, cv. Utkal Keshari and cv. Utkal Tarini were carried out. The somatic chromosome number 2n=24 was recorded in all the cultivars with significant structural differences in chromosome compliment. Total chromosome length varied from 82.54 μm to 94.24 μm and 42.51 μm3 to 48.53 μm3 in cv. Utkal Anushree and cv. Utkal Jyoti respectively. Total F% revealed asymmetric karyotype mostly with median constricted chromosomes. Genome size varied from 7.10 pg to 9.24 pg; having 6958 Mbp to 9055 Mbp in cv. Utkal Anushree and cv. Utkal Tarini showed significant correlations with chromosome length and chromosome volume. Karyotype and genomic analysis helped in distinguishing purple coloured skin fruit type cv. Utkal Tarini and cv. Utkal Kehari with green colour skin fruit types cv. Utkal Anushree and cv. Utkal Madhuri of brinjal.