Abstract
Karst aquifers in the Dinaric karst are very rich with groundwater and are a very important resource for public water supply. The characteristics of the Dinaric karst are the lack, or very thin layer, of covering deposits, large amounts of precipitations, high groundwater velocities, very deep groundwater flow with a lot of faults and fault zones, pits to groundwater, concentrated sinking and large karst springs, making them extremely vulnerable to all anthropogenic influences, which are very quickly transmitted to the aquifer. Numerous multiparameter methods have been developed in the last 20 years to determine the level of vulnerability of aquifers. Each of them has its own specifics and is well adapted to the climate and region for which it was developed. The Karst Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment (KAVA) method was developed in accordance with all the characteristics of the deep karst aquifers of the Dinaric karst and tested on several basins in the area. It was developed as a part of the Global Environment Facility United Nations Environmental Programme – the Mediterranean Action Plan Strategic Partnership for the Mediterranean Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (GEF UNEP/MAP MedPartnership Project). This paper presents the KAVA method and its application to two characteristic karst basins of the Dinaric karst: the Novljanska Žrnovnica spring catchment area and the Bakar Bay catchment area.
Highlights
This paper presents the Karst Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment (KAVA) method and its application to two characteristic karst basins of the Dinaric karst: the Novljanska Žrnovnica spring catchment area and the Bakar Bay catchment area
The Karst Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment method is derivedthe from a co pilot areas in the Dinaric karst in Croatia was that it used too many geological parameters of parameters adjusted to the specific characteristics of the Dinaric karst aqu and with them explained all the other parameters, except the depth to the groundwater designed primarily slope for assessment ofcause the the intrinsic of karst aq (S1) and the topographic (S2)
RV I score = (O score + I score + Ahg score)· P score. Calculation of both indices is made in such a way that the scores obtained by calculation of each factor (O score, I score, A score) are summed altogether and multiplied by the score of the P factor (P score), which represents the external stress in the KAVA method
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The Karst Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment method is derivedthe from a co pilot areas in the Dinaric karst in Croatia was that it used too many geological parameters of parameters adjusted to the specific characteristics of the Dinaric karst aqu and with them explained all the other parameters, except the depth to the groundwater designed primarily slope for assessment ofcause the the intrinsic of karst aq (S1) and the topographic (S2). This could final mapvulnerability to be very subjective, the vulnerability mapspatial produced for the study was good. The Bakar Bay catchment was selected, a slightly smaller karst catchment area situated adjacent to the Novljanska Žrnovnica catchment area
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