Kardiometabolički i antioksidativni efekti suplementacije liofiliziranom kozjom surutkom

Abstract

Milk and dairy products exhibit a beneficial nutritional and health effects and represent 20% to 30% of global food consumption. Whey proteins have great anabolic and cardioprotective role. Increased concentration of cholesterol contained in high density lipoproteins (HDL), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) higher activity, and diminished relative proportion of small dense low density lipoproteins (sdLDL) reduce cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk. Current longitudinal study enrolled 10 healthy volunteers. All participants consumed lyophilized goat whey (LGW) (Koza Nostra®) for two months (3 g per day). Concentrations of basic biochemical parameters were measured by routine methods. Concentration of oxidative stress status parameters were measured spectrophotometrically. Serum PON1 activity was measured kinetically using paraoxon as a substrate. Lipoproteins subfractions were separated by gradient-gel electrophoresis. A significant decrease in urea concentrations (p<0.05) and trend toward higher albumin concentrations were observed after LGW supplementation. A significant increase in values of prooxidative-antioxidative balance (p<0.05) and PON1 activity (p<0.05), as well as a trend toward lower malondialdehyde concentrations were observed after supplementation. Trends toward higher relative proportion of HDL 3c subclasses and an increase in LDL lipoprotein particle diameter were observed. The findings of the present study have shown that increased protein synthesis, PON1 enzyme activity and shift toward increased HDL 3c relative proportions could indicate that LGW has a positive effect on synthetic liver function and CVD risk reduction. Our findings suggest that LGW may protect against free radicals by stimulating the antioxidant defense mechanisms and promoting a mild prooxidative effect.