Karakolithos tunnel into a flysch formation

Abstract

This study is concerned with the theoretical provision for a confrontation of a support system in tunnels and underground cavities in soils incapable of supporting themselves such as flysch. Such soils could also include crushed or decomposed rocks, clays, shales and sandstones. This paper refers to the ways of calculating the virgin and mobilized stresses of the flysch and to the ways of determining the most suitable location for the axis of the tunnel. The results came out from the construction of three tunnels in flysch in Greece; two near Parnassos mountain and the third in Crete.