Karadeniz Bölgesi'nde Elma iç kurdu [ Cydia pomonella L.)(Lep.:Tortricidae)] mücadelesinde çiftleşmeyi engelleme yönteminin uygulanma olanakları üzerinde araştırmalar

Abstract

Apple production is important in the Black Sea Region especially in Amasya, Tokat, Kastamonu and Samsun provinces. Many studies have been done on Cydia pomonella which is the main pest of the apple orchards. The results of the studies provided reduction of pesticide use and encourage economic pest management. It is recommended that no pesticide use against C.pomonella after this study. There are plenty of promising developments on this subject in the world. These result would allow more beneficial production because of less cost of pesticide. And the most important thing is reducing the environmental pollution. This study were carried out in3-ha-apple orchards in 1996-1997 in the orchard of institute. The apple orchard was very suitable for the study. Because It was well isolated against the contamination and it was big enough for the study. In the first year study was postponed due to lack of the pheromone. Pheromone was provided in 1995 and the studies have been done in 1996-1997 suitably. The apple orchards was divided into three parts. The pheromone was applied to the first and the biggest part of the orchard. The pheromone was applied after the first C.pomonella was trapped by sex trap. Including 165 mg active ingredient (Codlemonisauate) in each 1000 dispensers/ha were used. More pheromone was applied at the borders trees than central ones. The second part was selected from middle of the orchard and smaller than the first one. The Registered agrochemicals were applied in this part. The third and the smallest part was selected in the edge of the orchard and no pesticide was used. The study was evaluated by two ways. The first way was the comparison the trapped C.pomonella from sex trap which was placed in the middle of the each treatment. According to the result of this evaluation two adult males were trapped in pheromone treatment, 58 adult males were trapped no pesticides treatment and 15 adult males were trapped in last part in which registered agrochemicals were applied. In 1997, 0, 26 and 3 adult males were trapped respectively. The information was obtained from the study that the copulation was prevented by the respect of trap process. The second evaluation was done by counting the damaged ant undamaged fruits. According to this method there were 17.2% damaged fruit in pheromone treatment, 3.7% in registered agrochemicals treatment and 40.9% in no pesticide treatment in 1996. The rate of the pheromone effect was 57.5%. In 1997, there were 28.7, 3.8 and 62.1% damaged fruit was counted respectively. The rate of the pheromone effect was 52.8%. Although all these results were not impressive, this result could be used in organic farming and integrated pest control. Moreover this result would be very valuable for farmers at the certain conditions.