Kaposi′s sarcoma: A presenting sign of HIV

Abstract

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal cutaneous and extra cutaneous vascular proliferative disorder. In India, there are only a few cases of HIV-associated KS in published literature. A 26-year-old married man presented with asymptomatic elevated skin lesions over the face, trunk, both upper limbs and lower limbs with a duration of one-and-a-half months. Cutaneous examination revealed multiple violaceous papules and nodules, on the face (right upper and lower eyelids, upper lip), trunk and proximal part of both limbs. Oral cavity showed erythematous plaques, two in number, on the hard palate. Skin biopsy showed proliferation of thin walled capillaries with formation of slit like spaces, spindle cell proliferation, abundant extravasation of RBCs and moderately dense inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis. Thus a clinical diagnosis of cutaneous KS was confirmed. On testing with ELISA for HIV, the patient was for the first time diagnosed as HIV reactive. Thus KS was the presenting manifestation of HIV disease.