Abstract
In this work, thin films of lamellar clays were deposited by laser techniques (matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD)). The focus of this paper is the optimization of deposition parameters for the production of highly oriented crystalline films. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Contact angle measurements were employed to identify the wetting properties of the deposited thin films. Hydrophobic to superhydrophilic films can be prepared by using different deposition techniques and deposition parameters. MAPLE led to superhydrophilic films with contact angles in the range 4°–8°, depending on the microstructure and surface roughness at micro and nano scale. The 1064 nm PLD had a high deposition rate and produced a textured film while at λ = 193 nm an extremely thin and amorphous layer was depicted. Oriented kaolinite films were obtained by MAPLE even at 5 wt.% kaolinite in the target.
Highlights
Lamellar clay materials are promising candidates as low-cost adsorbents with proteinbinding capacities
Environmental industry uses clay minerals intensively for a variety of applications ranging from absorbance and storage of hazardous chemicals up to cleaning of polluted waters and sensing elements [1]
It was observed thatthat kaolinite thin thin deposited as a result of target irradiation with 40.000 forand and 72.000 filmsfilms deposited as a result of target irradiation with 40.000 pulsespulses for PLD
Summary
Lamellar clay materials are promising candidates as low-cost adsorbents with proteinbinding capacities. Kaolinite, being the most common clay mineral, is a lamellar material with the chemical formula (Al2 O3 · 2SiO2 · 2H2 O) and is used in several important fields as paper fabrication, pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics, or as adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment and many more [3]. These applications are based on the lamellar guest-host structure, which can adsorb a wide range of molecules, at the surface, at the edge of the lamellas or in the inter-lamellas [4]. Modified electrodes for electrochemical applications were synthesized in a two steps procedure, first grafting triethanolamine on the interlayer aluminol groups and reacting with iodomethane for cyanide anions
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