Kamweretho: Safe Havens or Rogue Associations? An Analysis of a Women's Group Movement among the Agikuyu of Central Kenya

Abstract

Women's groups have been an integral part of the development of Africa since independence. Various groups and associations have existed with their structure, mission, and composition being determined by their respective community's background and socio-economic status. The groups have been critical in improving the welfare of members' families and the communities at large. This paper is based on a study whose broad objective was to investigate the structure, functions and challenges of Kamweretho - an emergent, non-formal women's group found among the Agikuyu of Kenya. From a broad perspective, it sought to examine the thesis that women groups are an avenue for improving the welfare of group members and their families. From a diachronic perspective, the paper examines comprehensive secondary study of the historical development of the women's movement in Kenya in general and among the Agikuyu in particular. It then narrows focus to the Kamweretho women groups in Nyeri County, whose findings are discussed. The social capital theory was used in the study. On method, convenient sampling was used to select the four Kamweretho groups that participated in FGDs, in depth interviews, and observation. A sample of respondents was drawn using purposive and simple random sampling. The study found that formation of Kamweretho groups was inspired by the desire to pay homage, and cater for the welfare of parents and guardians of group members. Findings show that Kamweretho groups' operations and activities do not fit the conventional mechanisms associated with women groups. More so, they seem to question the authority of the traditional definition of a woman's role and position in the Agikuyu society. As a result, the Kamwerethos are not wholly embraced by the Gikuyu populace, and are a target of sustained mockery and criticism from across the gender and class divide.