Abstract
Southern Sudan is one of the areas in eastern Africa most affected by visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar), but lack of security and funds has hampered control. Since 2005, the return of stability has opened up new opportunities to expand existing interventions and introduce new ones.
Highlights
Southern Sudan is one of the areas in eastern Africa most affected by visceral leishmaniasis, but lack of security and funds has hampered control
Visceral leishmaniasis is a deadly disease caused by the Leishmania protozoan parasite and transmitted through the bite of sandflies
After the Comprehensive Peace Agreement between Northern and Southern Sudan was signed on January 9, 2005, the return of relative stability to Southern Sudan is opening up new opportunities for supporting and improving healthcare delivery
Summary
Southern Sudan is one of the areas in eastern Africa most affected by visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar), but lack of security and funds has hampered control. These data likely underestimate the actual number of cases because healthcare providers do not always provide complete reports and many kala-azar patients never visit healthcare facilities. Epidemiologic modeling of data from Upper Nile state estimated that those who visited healthcare facilities from October 1998 through May 2002 represented only 55% of cases and that 91% of kala-azar deaths were undetected [8].
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