Abstract
KAI1 Gene Is Engaged in NDRG1 Gene-mediated Metastasis Suppression through the ATF3-NFκB Complex in Human Prostate Cancer
Highlights
We found that the specific knockdown of NDRG1 significantly down-regulated the expression of the KAI1 gene in these cell lines (Fig. 1D)
We found that KAI1 mRNA expression was significantly correlated with NDRG1 expression in multiple cancer cell lines (p ϭ 0.0014 and 0.0004 for prostate and breast cancer cell lines, respectively, Fig. 1E), indicating that the expression of NDRG1 and KAI1 generally has a positive correlation in human prostate and breast cancer cells
We examined the regulatory network of two metastasis suppressor genes, NDRG1 and KAI1, and demonstrated that NDRG1 up-regulated KAI1 expression through modulation of ATF3 signaling in prostate cancer cells
Summary
Cell Culture—Human prostate cancer cell line PC3mm and rat prostatic carcinoma cell line AT6.1 were kindly provided by Drs I. NDRG1- and KAI1-overexpressing stable clones of AT6.1 cells were established as described previously [33]. For AT6.1/NDRG1/shKAI1, shRNA for KAI1 (Open Biosystems) or the vector alone was transfected into AT6.1/NDRG1 cells, and the puromycin-resistant clones were selected. The expression of KAI1 in the cloned cells was tested by RT-PCR. Sections were deparaffinized, rehydrated, and heated at 80 °C for 20 min in 25 mM sodium citrate buffer (pH 9) for antigen exposure. They were treated with 3% H2O2 to block endogenous peroxidase activity and further incubated with primary antibody for 1 h at 24 °C. The sections were washed extensively, and 3,3-diaminobenzidine substrate chromogen solution was applied followed by counterstaining with hematoxylin
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