Abstract
Background: KAI-1/CD82 is a tumour suppressor gene; decreased gene expression is associated with the increased invasive ability of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as hypothesised for various odontogenic cysts and tumours. p53 protein functions in the G1-S phase of the cell cycle to allow repair of the damaged DNA. In the present study, p53 and KAI-1 expression was investigated by using monoclonal antibodies in the various odontogenic cysts. Aims: To detect KAI-1 and p53 expression in radicular cysts, dentigerous cysts and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) and to assess the relation between p53 and KAI-1 expression in the aforementioned cysts. Materials and Methods: The present study included histopathologically diagnosed cases of radicular cysts, dentigerous cysts and OKCs for the expression of KAI-1 and p53 antibodies. Results: Amongst odontogenic cysts, radicular cysts expressed a maximum positivity of KAI-1 (20.92%) while p53 positive cells were maximum in odontogenic keratocysts (4.04%). The correlation between KAI-1 and p53 expression in the various odontogenic cysts was not found to be significant. Conclusion: The increased KAI-1 expression in the radicular cysts and its downregulation in OKCs may be indicative of aggressive clinical behaviour and the fact that OKCs are hypothesised as neoplastic rather than being developmental in origin.
Highlights
The term “cyst” is derived from the Greek word “Kystis,” which means “bladder” or “sac.” Kramer has defined cyst as “a pathological cavity having fluid, semi-fluid, or gaseous contents and which is not created by the accumulation of pus.” Most cysts, but not all, are lined by epithelium
KAI-1 counts were observed in decreasing order in the normal buccal mucosa with a mean of 24.28 (±4.15), followed by radicular cysts with a mean of 20.92 (±4.68), dentigerous cysts with a mean of 18.38 (±4.17) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) with a mean of 11.01 (±13.01)
Significant variations of means of p53 labelling indices were found amongst all groups. p53 counts were observed in decreasing order in OKCs with a mean of 4.04 (±4.13), normal buccal mucosa 3.44 (±2.32), radicular cysts 0.45 (±0.72) and dentigerous cysts 0.16 (±0.37)
Summary
The term “cyst” is derived from the Greek word “Kystis,” which means “bladder” or “sac.” Kramer has defined cyst as “a pathological cavity having fluid, semi-fluid, or gaseous contents and which is not created by the accumulation of pus.” Most cysts, but not all, are lined by epithelium. These cell remnants remain as a common source of cystic changes within the jaw bones.[2,3] It is thought that the epithelial lining of developmental odontogenic cysts has more proliferative potential than the epithelial lining of inflammatory cysts. Dentigerous cysts, on the other hand, are the most common developmental odontogenic cysts making up to 16.6% of all the jaw cysts reported. These cysts are associated with the crown of an impacted tooth caused by fluid accumulation between the reduced enamel epithelium and the enamel surface. Materials and Methods: The present study included histopathologically diagnosed cases of radicular cysts, dentigerous cysts and OKCs for the expression of KAI-1 and p53 antibodies. Conclusion: The increased KAI-1 expression in the radicular cysts and its downregulation in OKCs may be indicative of aggressive clinical behaviour and the fact that OKCs are hypothesised as neoplastic rather than being developmental in origin
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