K − nuclear interactions and yields of kaonic X-rays

Abstract

We examine the K − nuclear interaction in kaonic atoms in the light of recent presumed evidence for an anomalous neutron distribution in the nuclear surface. A K − nuclear potential, proportional to the KN scattering lengths and nuclear density, reproduces observed X-ray yields within experimental uncertainty. With With a nuclear matter distribution proportional to the known proton distribution, no ad no additional freedom is needed at present. The variation of the capture width with radius and surface thickness parameters are discussed in detail. Estimates for energy shifts in the kaonic levels are given. Dynamical hyperfine and Stark mixing of kaonic orbits are discussed. Distortion effects of the K − wave function by the strong interaction are important and may well dominate all other effects. The renormalization of the KN scattering lengths by multiple scattering in nuclear matter is estimated. Approximations and limitations of the model are discussed.