K-Means and AHC Methods for Classifying Crime Victims by Indonesian Provinces: A Comparative Analysis

Abstract

Crime is a common phenomenon that often occurs in society and has a negative impact both individually and collectively. Gaining a deeper understanding of crime can help us tackle the problem more efficiently. In an era that is increasingly complex and globally connected as it is now, crime has undergone significant developments and changes. Crime remains a serious threat to our security, integrity, and well-being. Some common types of crime include theft, robbery, fraud, physical abuse, and murder. Crime can happen anytime and anywhere. To tackle crime, data mining techniques can be used to analyze the surrounding situation and gain new knowledge. One approach is to classify provinces based on crime data from previous years so that crime-prone areas can be identified and security measures can be increased. In this study, two grouping methods were used, namely K-Means and AHC using the complete linkage mode. There are 34 provinces in Indonesia which are grouped based on the number of victims of crime from 2019 to 2021. The grouping results using the K-Means method yield two groups with 17 provinces each. However, using the AHC complete linkage method, there is a difference in the number of provinces between cluster 0 and cluster 1 compared to the K-Means results. In addition, there are differences in the location of the province in the cluster between the two methods. In the K-Means method, provincial data is located in cluster 0, while in the AHC method, the province's data is in cluster 1. Thus, this study provides insight into crime in Indonesia and provides information about the grouping of provinces based on crime rates using the K-Means method. Means and AHC