Abstract
The legal protection of minors has become one of the priorities in the field of human rights protection in developed democracies, since the second half of the XX century. Facts of troubled position of children are of particular public interest. That is why the attention of scientists, politicians, public figures and media on issues related to minors in society has increased in recent years in Central Asia. The relevance of the research on the legal status of minors at the present stage of social development is stipulated by several factors: - Integration of Central Asia into the world community requires bringing the current legislation in accordance with international instruments; - The democratization of social relations and formation of the rule of law stipulate the importance of public authorities and civil society consolidation; - Minors are one of the most vulnerable groups regarding socio-economic and moral-psychological relations. The urgency of the problems encountered in public relations, naturally affects the aim of the research, consisting in attempts to find a possible solution, clarify the reasons of the negative phenomena and to determine the mechanism of their elimination. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5p139
Highlights
Democratic society has come to the realization that the legal status of the minors is the major institution that allows establishing the legal boundaries of state intervention in the family and childhood sphere
The core set of powers of a minor, was for the first time designated standard in the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1924 (The Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child, 1924). Later they were developed in the Declaration on the Rights of the Child in 1959 (The Declaration of the Rights of the Child, 1959), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (The International covenant on civil and political rights, 1966)
Integration processes in the Central Asian region follow the global trends in international relations connected with the internationalization of social life, the growing interdependence and the need of the integrating countries in strengthening national statehood, security and response to global challenges
Summary
Democratic society has come to the realization that the legal status of the minors is the major institution that allows establishing the legal boundaries of state intervention in the family and childhood sphere.The need for a detailed study of the minors’ legal status and their defense mechanism is due, above all, to the practical significance of the respective institution. The core set of powers of a minor, was for the first time designated standard in the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1924 (The Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child, 1924). Later they were developed in the Declaration on the Rights of the Child in 1959 (The Declaration of the Rights of the Child, 1959), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (The International covenant on civil and political rights, 1966). The powers of a minor have been accumulated in the main international legal instrument for under age persons – the UN Convention “On the Rights of the Child” in 1989 (The Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989)
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