Justifying the parameters of ore fields underground mining with goaf backfilling

Abstract

Relevance. Manmade deposits have a major impact on environmental ecosystems in mining. Therefore, the priority direction of comprehensive research is the creation of technologies and technical means based on minimizing production waste. Research objective is to justify the parameters of ore fields underground mining with goaf backfilling using mathematical modeling and multi-criteria minimization of mining waste based on the results obtained by the regression analysis and planning of an experiment, ensuring economic efficiency and environmental safety growth, as well as subsoil rational use and protection. Methods of research. The parameters of technogenic deposit formation when extracting ore by traditional and alternative technologies were determined. The earth’s surface and underground working stress-strain state parameters were calculated. The technologies of converting inactive reserves of technogenic deposits into active ones by influencing them by physicochemical processes were studied. Parameters and regression dependences were calculated using the Maple 9.5 mathematical software package. The presented graphs were built in Maple 9.5 or Microsoft Excel using standard and new methods. Results. It is shown that the preservation of the rock mass implies the possibility of controlling the main stresses by limiting their deformations by filling technogenic voids with hardening mixtures of different composition and strength from 1.2 to 6.0 MPa. The structural weakening coefficient increases towards the periphery to 0.15, which means a decrease in strength in comparison with the undisturbed massif from 1.5 to 6.0 times. Conclusions. The regression dependences of profit on the coefficients of losses and dilution, indicators of soil excavation, total processing costs, as well as damage (economic consequences) from dilution of ore in the vicinity of the optimum point are obtained. The profit dependence is a convex monotonically decreasing function, where the profit value is the smaller, the greater the ore dilution coefficient. With an increase in the ore dilution coefficient to 0.6, the profit value will fall to 50.5 rubles/t, i.e. more than 20%. The main directions of modernization of technologies for underground mining of mineral deposits are recommended, taking into account their combination within a single mine field.