Justification of use of fixed retainers based on the analysis of size of the incisor and canine crowns

Abstract

Pri planirovanii stomatologicheskogo lecheniya neobkhodimo uchityvat' anatomicheskiye osobennosti zubov. Neobkhodimost' postoyannogo nablyudeniya za izmenchivost'yu zubochelyustnoy sistemy trebuyet aktual'nosti dannoy raboty. Tsel'yu raboty byla otsenka razmerov koronok frontal'noy gruppy zubov s pomoshch'yu odontometrii. Polucheny dvukhsloynyye odnoetapnyye ottiski i otlity diagnosticheskiye modeli perednego uchastka chelyusti u 50 muzhchin i 50 zhenshchin v vozraste 18‒24 let. Opredeleny absolyutnyye znacheniya razmerov koronok reztsov i klykov. Dlya otsenki reduktsii lateral'nykh reztsov vychislen mezhreztsovyy indeks (Ii) po zubam 22 i 21, polovoy dimorfizm opredelen po formule Garna-L'yuisa. Ustanovleno, chto razlichiye meziodistal'nykh razmerov koronok legkikh zubov pravoy i levoy storony dykhaniya (r > 0,05). Meziodistal'nyye razmery koronok registriruyut v ryadu: verkhniye tsentral'nyye reztsy → verkhniye klyki → nizhniye klyki i verkhniye lateral'nyye reztsy → nizhniye lateral'nyye reztsy → nizhniye tsentral'nyye reztsy. Povyshennaya vyrazhennost' reduktsii lateral'nykh reztsov nizka (Ii = 74,9) i boleye vyrazhennaya u muzhchin, chem u zhenshchin. U podlezhashchikh patsiyentov sredi perednikh zubov naibol'shaya vysota koronki svoystvenna verkhnim tsentral'nym reztsam i nizhnim klykam, men'shaya ― verkhnim klykam, a naimen'shaya ― verkhnim lateral'nym reztsam, nizhnim tsentral'nym i lateral'nym reztsam. U muzhchin vysota koronok razvivayetsya klykov, verkhnikh reztsov i klykov registriruyetsya (r < 0,001) bol'she, chem u zhenshchin. Poluchennyye parametry koronok svidetel'stvuyut ob ikh dostatochnoy vysote i meziodistal'nykh razmerakh, chto v raschete s priblizitel'nymi vyrazhennostyami reduktsii lateral'nykh reztsov obosnovyvayet vozmozhnost' izgotovleniya nes"yemnykh reteynerov pryamym metodom. Dannyye byli ispol'zovany dlya planirovaniya stomatologicheskogo lecheniya.