Abstract
This paper reports determining the basic strength indicators for the removable roof of a railroad gondola. It has been established that the typical roof design has a significant margin of safety in the components of the supporting structure. In order to reduce the roof material intensity, the reserves of its strength have been determined and optimized based on the criterion for minimal material intensity. Pipes of square cross-section have been proposed for using as the components of the roof frame. When taking into consideration the proposed measures, it becomes possible to reduce the mass of the frame of the removable roof for a railroad gondola by almost 15 % compared to the typical design. At the same time, to apply the roof on different types of gondolas, its cantilevered parts can move in a longitudinal plane. It is possible to use deflectors on the removable roof. The roof can be attached to the body in a regular way. It is also possible to fix it using shog-connections. To substantiate the proposed solution, the strength of the improved structure of the removable roof was determined. It was established that the maximum equivalent stresses in the load-bearing structure of the removable roof did not exceed permissible ones. To define the indicators of removable roof dynamics, its dynamic loading was investigated. The calculation was performed in a flat coordinate system. The oscillations in bouncing and galloping were taken into consideration as the most common types of a railroad car oscillations when running on a rail track. The mathematical model of dynamic loading was solved in the Mathcad software package (Boston, USA). The study has shown that the acceleration of the body in the center of masses is 0.4 g and is within the permissible limits. At the same time, the ride of a railroad car is excellent. The study reported here would contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of railroad transportation.
Highlights
The accelerated pace of integration of Euro-Asian states into the system of international transport corridors predetermines the need to improve the efficiency of railroad cars utilization in international traffic.To ensure a timely transportation process, it is important to have an appropriate type of rolling stock for the transportation of the specified range of cargoes.The study of statistics of cargo transportation in international traffic through the territory of Euro-Asian states suggests that the most common among them are bulk, loose, and piecewise
The aim of this study is to determine the features of improvement and optimization of the removable roof of railroad gondolas in order to improve the efficiency of their operation
Taking into consideration the proposed measures, it becomes possible to reduce the mass of the frame of the removable roof for a gondola by almost 15 % compared to the typical structure
Summary
The accelerated pace of integration of Euro-Asian states into the system of international transport corridors predetermines the need to improve the efficiency of railroad cars utilization in international traffic. The study of statistics of cargo transportation in international traffic through the territory of Euro-Asian states suggests that the most common among them are bulk, loose, and piecewise The latter need protection from precipitation during transportation. The replenishment rate of the Ukrzaliznytsya railroad car fleet in recent years is insignificant This predetermines the need to implement new technical solutions aimed at improving the load-bearing structures of car bodies. The efficiency of railroad gondolas utilization that are the most common type of cars can be improved by using a removable roof on them Such a solution would allow the transportation of bulk and loose cargoes in them and those that need protection from precipitation. It is important to conduct appropriate research in this area in order to adapt the load-bearing structures of railroad cars to the transportation of cargoes that need protection from precipitation
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