Abstract
The aim of the research is to improve soil tillage quality using combined working bodies in surface cultivation. There are various designs of combined tillage units including passive cultivators and active rotor-tooth working bodies cultivating land. However, an analysis of design and technological parameters of modern cultivators shows that they have a cumbersome design, required much metal and their quality indicators do not meet soil cultivation requirements. The article presents results of the studies on the influence of geometric and technological parameters of an additional battery of needle discs on land tillage quality. Using the research results, the land tillage has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed.
Highlights
Surface tillage is required to eliminate weeds and loose soil when preparing it for cultivating various crops
To ensure agrotechnical ridging requirements at various working depths of the combined working body, the distance between the needle discs must be equal to 0.05 m. This mutual arrangement of the needle discs will allow us to obtain the size of the ridges equal to less than 0.02 m
The highest quality soil tillage using the combined working body can be achieved during the movement of the needle discs at a depth of 0.04 m, while the optimal value of the working speed is υ = 3.6 m/s, since soil crumbling quality is over 80%
Summary
Surface tillage is required to eliminate weeds and loose soil when preparing it for cultivating various crops. Loosening and simultaneous mixing of plant residues preserve and accumulate moisture in the surface layer [1, 2]. The mulching surface layer contributes to the formation and preservation of nutrients required for the growth of plants. Loosening reduces evaporation of moisture and creates favorable conditions for sowing and planting [3,4,5]. Cultivation before sowing is carried out with an accuracy of ± 0.01 m to the depth of the location of seeds, while it is necessary to form a dense and even bed for seeds in the subsurface layer. It is necessary to form a mulching layer with a minimum combing within the range of 0.03 ... In this regard, harrowing is often carried out simultaneously with cultivation using passive tooth harrows. [6, 7]
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