Justification of irrigation reclamation using data on the probability of heat and moisture in the Central Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia

Abstract

Ongoing climate change creates risks for many sectors of the economy. They can have a particularly strong impact on agriculture, since the amount of incoming heat and moisture is one of the most important factors in agricultural production. The main goal of this study was to analyzed of the provision of heat and humidity by indicators, temperature more than 10 °C, the sum of factors during the growing season, differences in temperatures and evaporation, humidification coefficients to justify the need for irrigation measures. The calculations were carried out for the growing season, that is, when positive values of average daily air temperatures were recorded. In all calculations, observational data from the V.A. Mikhelson Meteorological Observatory (in Moscow) was used for 30 years (period from 1993 to 2022). The study analyzed the provision of the central part of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia according to such indicators as the sum of temperatures of the growing season greater than 10 °C, the sum of precipitation for the growing season, the difference between the sum of precipitation and evaporation for the growing season, G.T. Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient, D.I. Shashko coefficient of natural moisture. The analysis of the assessment of the heat supply and moisture supply of the territory and the attitude of agricultural and fruit crops to drought demonstrate the need to moisten the root layer of the soil even in zones of excessive moisture, when during the growing season there are separate periods with insufficient and uneven atmospheric moisture.