Justification for the culverts’ design with joint operation of a water cylinder with a side weir

Abstract

The article is devoted to the actual topic of the substantiation of the culverts’ design with the joint operation of a water cylinder with a lateral flow outlet. In the article, the advantages and disadvantages of gravity and pressure flow are considered. Under catastrophic conditions, structures with a non-pressurized regime are safer since they have a high reserve of carrying capacity, and structures with a pressurized regime have a large carrying capacity. Today, there is a tendency to use energy dissipation methods using a water cylinder with a side outlet of the water flow in the bottom reach. It is necessary to use water flows when increasing the construction territory of hydraulic structures in mountainous and foothill sections of rivers. A design diagram of a water cylinder with a lateral water outlet when using water cylinder is proposed; the work shows a cylinder with a zero-bottom slope of a rectangular section. A roller with a rotation axis is considered in the article; the flow follows to the wall of the water cylinder along the length of the side walls, a water flow approaches with the expansion in the vertical plane of the side cutout; a flow is formed in the cylinder in the area of the tunnel joining to the cylinder, the outlet channel design and energy dissipation are also considered.