Abstract
An unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring provides operational information on soybean harvesting readiness for breeders and agronomists. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the choice of vegetation indices to assess the content of chlorophyll a and b, which contribute to determining the early readiness of soybean crops for harvesting, based on data obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle. The research was conducted at the soybean breeding field in 2020. Seven broad-band vegetation indices NDVI, NDRE, ClGreen (GCI), CCCI, CVI, GNDVI, MCARI were used in the study, estimating changes in chlorophyll a and b content in soybean leaves. Vegetation indices, which in complex testify to the early readiness of soybean crops for harvesting, have been revealed. The statistical difference between the values of the indices of early maturing and late maturing samples was calculated. The data obtained contributed to the development of custom formulas for assessing the early harvesting readiness of soybeans.
Highlights
Chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids are the main classes of photosynthetic pigments found in green vegetation
The purpose of this article is to substantiate the vegetation indices choice that contributes to the determination of the early readiness of soybean crops for harvesting, based on data obtained from a unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and a multispectral camera
The prevailing weather conditions in May and early June contributed to the slow growth of soybeans and low vegetation indices, for example, on June 11, 2020, the average index values were: NDVI – 0.395; NDRE – 0.147; GNDVI – 0.44 (Figure 4)
Summary
Chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids are the main classes of photosynthetic pigments found in green vegetation. One of the main pigments, chlorophyll, absorbs solar radiation to the greatest extent in the spectral ranges of the red and blue channels. While carotenoids, including xanthophylls, absorb small amounts of solar radiation in the blue and green bands and transmit it to the reaction center of photosynthesis [1]. Multispectral [3], thermal [4] and hyperspectral [5 – 6] cameras act as suspended equipment [7] for ground [8] and aerial vehicles [9]. UAVs complete with suspended equipment [12 – 13] allow obtaining accurate and high-quality data with a high spatial resolution up to 10 centimeters/pixel [14] on the state of agricultural biological objects. After processing the aerial photography data, there is the creation of an orthophotoplane, a digital terrain model and the calculation of vegetation indices, and the generation of maps for these indices
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